In 1941 he proposed to fellow colleague Joan Clarke. Known as вЂProfвЂ™, the shabby and awkward Turing was known for his eccentricity and social awkwardness whilst at Bletchley. James Holland, author of Normandy вЂ44: D-Day and the Battle for France, answers the key questions surrounding D-Day.

This later became known as the вЂTuring machineвЂ™. Amid the rise of Hitler, he also became involved in the peace movement, joining the Anti-War Council.ДЄfter graduating in 1934 with a first, he was elected a Fellow of KingвЂ™s College aged 22 as a result of his dissertation in probability theory.ДЇollowing his 1936 seminal paper вЂOn Computable NumbersвЂ™ and work on the Entscheidungsproblem (вЂdecidability problemвЂ™ вЂ“ determining which mathematical statements are provable), Turing went on to study a PhD in mathematics at Princeton, where he also became interested in cryptology.В Here he further developed his notion of a вЂuniversal computing machineвЂ™ which could solve complex calculations using an appropriate programme. In 1931 Turing studied mathematics at KingвЂ™s College, University of Cambridge, thriving in the intellectual environment and taking up rowing and long distance running (which he excelled at throughout his life). He developed his ideas and code-breaking prowess at university He devoted his energy to scientific study in an attempt to fulfil ChristopherвЂ™s lost potential.Дuring his time at university, TuringвЂ™s homosexuality became a definitive part of his identity, and fellow mathematician James Atkins became his occasional lover. Christopher died in 1930 from tuberculosis, leaving Turing devastated. Towards the end of his time at Sherborne, Turing formed a close relationship with fellow student, Christopher Morcom, who shared his intellectual curiosity вЂ“ giving Turing a vital period of intellectual companionship and communication. Despite being rumoured to pay little attention during humanities and classics lessons, he received high exam marks, and his private notes apparently showed a degree-level appreciation on the theory of relativity.ДЄlan Turing at age 16 (Image Credit: Public Domain). In 1922, Turing moved to Hazelhurst Preparatory School where he became interested in chess, spending hours working out complex problems.ДЄged 13, he attended Sherborne School in Dorset, where his maths teacher also declared him a genius. When he was aged 9, his headmistress reported she thought Alan was a genius.

After AlanвЂ™s birth, his parents left him and his brother John in the care of foster parents while they returned to India for work. Turing was born on 23 June 1912 in London. His intelligence was evident from an early age Here are 10 facts about this remarkable man. One of the most innovative thinkers of the 20th century, TuringвЂ™s fearless approach to problems helped him break new conceptual ground, yet he died with the true extent of his work remaining largely unknown under the Official Secrets Act, and as a criminal under BritainвЂ™s then archaic laws on homosexuality. During World War Two, he was instrumental in breaking the German Enigma code, and thus a leading figure in the Allied victory over Nazi Germany. Alan Turing was a pioneering English mathematician, computer scientist, codebreaker and theoretical biologist.

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